Briefly, in the final assay mixture (0.4ml total volume), β-phycoerythrin (β-PE, 16.7 nM, Sigma, St. ( 2) as modified for the COBAS FARA II ( 4). The procedure was based on a previous report of Cao et al. The automated ORAC assay was carried out on a COBAS FARA II spectrofluorometric centrifugal analyzer (Roche Diagnostic Systems Inc., Branchburg, NJ emission filter = 565 nm). The high antioxidant activity in smokeless tobacco may partially explain the low cancer risk associated with long-term use of these products. A significant linear relationship was observed between the overall antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. The tobacco products tested had a range of antioxidant activity from modest to high. The concentrations of polyphenols in these products also were determined. The antioxidant properties of 16 commercially available tobacco products were determined using an oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Although many studies have assessed the antioxidant properties of fruits and vegetables, much less is known about the antioxidant characteristics of another commonly ingested plant product, tobacco. These endogenous antioxidant agents are supplemented by dietary antioxidants, obtained mainly from plants. Mammalian cells have evolved a complex network of enzymatic and non-enzymatic molecules that protect them from the detrimental effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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